Kiowa blackberry variety
Very productive old thorny blackberry cultivar with sweet nice-looking giant fruit
Rubus subgenus Rubus Watson 'Kiowa'
Originated from a cross of Ark. 791 x Ark. 1058
Variety denomination - 'Kiowa', tested as Ark. 1380
Plants are thorny
Bushes have erect canes
Fruit weight is 10 g
Berries have a ovate shape
Fruiting habit - floricane fruiting (summer-bearing)
Flowering on floricanes starts in the first week of May
Ripening date (regular) - third week of June
Productivity is 15 kg per plant
Soluble solids - 10.3%
Cold hardiness is excellent
Heat tolerance is low
Patent Plant 9,861 dated April 13, 1997
Current status - obsolete or rarely used
Recommended replacement - Natchez
Country of origin - United States
Agawam Amanda Anastasia Wyeberry Apache Arapaho Babycakes Bailey Big Daddy Black Butte Black Diamond Black Gem Black Jack Black Magic Black Pearl Black Satin Blakely Boysenberry Brazos Caddo Chesapeake Chester Thornless Cheyenne Chickasaw Chief Joseph Choctaw Clark Gold Columbia Giant Columbia Star Columbia Sunrise COX's miracle berry Danna Douglass Doyle's Thornless Eclipse Evergreen Thornless Galaxy Hall’s Beauty Heaven Can Wait Hedrick HJ-6 HJ-7 Hull Thornless Illiny Hardy Kelly Kiowa Kotata Loganberry Lucretia Marion Mary Carmen Metolius MM01 Natchez Navaho Nettleton Creamy White Newberry Nightfall Obsidian Onyx Osage Ouachita Ponca Prime-Ark 45 Prime-Ark Freedom Prime-Ark Horizon Prime-Ark Traveler Prime-Jan Prime-Jim Reuben Schultz Shawnee Siskiyou Smoothstem Sweetie Pie Thornfree Triple Crown Twilight Von Waldo Wild Treasure Willamette Thornless Marion
Kiowa produces larger fruit and has a longer harvest period than previously released Arkansas cultivars. Kiowa has thorned canes with large thorny leaves. Canes are self-supporting and require no trellis.
A major feature of blackberry Kiowa is its large fruit size. Kiowa produces large fruit during all the harvest season. The harvest season of Kiowa is long, with fruit ripening over six weeks compared to the four to six weeks harvest periods for most blackberry cultivars. Kiowa fruit are blocky, oblong and have an attractive, glossy black finish. Kiowa plants are not very vigorous. Fruiting row establishment has been good, using either plants or root cuttings. For best production, primocanes of Kiowa blackberry should be tipped in summer when they reach 1.0 to 1.2 m high, and lateral branches must be pruned to 40 cm during winter dormancy.
Kiowa variety is moderately resistant to anthracnose and there have been no disease problems following a fungicide program consisting of a single application of liquid lime sulfur at budbreak. There has been no orange rust on Kiowa. The reaction of plants to rosette has not been determined.
Plants have shown no visible injury following field exposure to minus 23 C, and annual ratings for cold hardiness indicate that Kiowa is enough hardy. The outstanding characteristics of Kiowa blackberry are its large fruit size, which is maintained throughout the harvest season, and its long ripening period.
Kiowa was very good blackberry for markets, in which large fruit and an extended harvest season are desired. Its fruiting characteristics also make Kiowa popular as a home-garden cultivar.
Cultivar | Yield, kg/ha | Fruit weight, g | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
1993 | 1994 | 1993 | 1994 | |
Clarksville | ||||
Kiowa | 7200 | 7600 | 11.1 | 10.0 |
Choctaw | 5100 | 6900 | 6.1 | 4.8 |
Shawnee | 7700 | 12300 | 7.6 | 5.9 |
Hope | ||||
Kiowa | 5100 | 12800 | 13.0 | 10.0 |
Choctaw | 5100 | 8500 | 4.9 | 4.2 |
Shawnee | 9700 | 18200 | 9.0 | 6.7 |
Fayetteville | ||||
Kiowa | 3000 | 7300 | 9.6 | 7.0 |
Choctaw | 4800 | 13900 | 5.8 | 3.8 |
Shawnee | 3500 | 15400 | 5.9 | 5.1 |
Bald Knob | ||||
Kiowa | 7700 | 8000 | 9.3 | 6.8 |
Choctaw | 4200 | 6200 | 4.6 | 2.7 |
Shawnee | 5900 | 9700 | 5.6 | 3.7 |
Main features | Variety | ||
---|---|---|---|
Kiowa | Choctaw | Shawnee | |
Date | |||
Budbreak | Feb. 22 | Feb. 25 | Feb. 25 |
50% bloom | May 2 | April 26 | April 30 |
First crop (5%) | June 12 | May 31 | June 9 |
Peak (50%) | June 30 | June 10 | June 24 |
Last crop (95%) | July 23 | June 22 | July 11 |
Fruit (rating scale of 1 to 10 where 10 is the best) | |||
Firmness | 8.0 | 7.6 | 7.5 |
Flavor | 8.2 | 8.7 | 7.6 |
Seed size, mg/pcs | 3.8 | 1.9 | 3.9 |
Soluble solids, % | 10.3 | 9.2 | 9.9 |
Plant (rating scale of 1 to 10 where 10 is the best) | |||
Vigor | 7.6 | 9.0 | 9.8 |
Health | 8.6 | 9.0 | 8.8 |
Winter injury | 9.5 | 8.2 | 9.6 |